h2In Their Own Words: What Does Latinx Mean To Hispanics?/h2
pIn U.S. communities of immigrants from these countries it is common to hear these styles. Rock en Español, Latin hip-hop, Salsa, Merengue, Bachata, Cumbia and Reggaeton styles tend to appeal to the broader Hispanic population, and varieties of Cuban music are popular with many Hispanics of all backgrounds. Folk and popular dance and music also varies greatly among Hispanics./p
pThe majority of the indigenous population is concentrated in the central-southern and south-eastern states, with the majority of the indigenous population living in rural areas. Some indigenous communities have a degree of autonomy under the legislation of usos y costumbres, which allows them to regulate some internal issues under customary law. According to the latest intercensal survey carried out by the Mexican government in 2015, Indigenous people make up 21.5% of Mexico’s population./p
pOne of the most untouchable unmixed African population is still today El Carmen en Chincha Alta Ica, Peru. The city of Arequipa in the south of Peru displays the majority of Spanish descendants in the south. Cajamarca in the highlands, parts of San Martin in the Amazon Area; Also Oxapampa and Pozuzo were populated by German and Austrian settlers in the Andes. A considerable European population migrated to Peru, they came for oil, mining, fishing, sugar, cotton, guano, rubber, and other booming industries in the mid-1800./p
pAccording to the Rutgers School of Social Work, around 17% of Latina immigrants are victims of Domestic Violence. This violence can manifest in different ways, and is often difficult to diagnose when it the result of verbal threats rather than physical abuse. Oftentimes, it is threats of deportation that influence Latina women to keep silent about their situation. In the United States, female employment has become an increasingly important determinant of family economic well-being, especially among disadvantaged populations such as Latinas./p
pThe naming dispute is a phenomenon that has its roots mainly in California and other neighboring states. Before the adoption of the ethnonym Hispanic or Latino by the United States Government, the term Hispanic was commonly used for statistical purposes. However, many people did not feel satisfied with the term and started campaigns promoting the use of Latino as a new ethnonym. The Office of Management and Budget has stated that the new term should be, indeed, Hispanic or Latino because the usage of the terms differs—Hispanics is commonly used in the eastern portion of the United States, whereas Latino is commonly used in the western portion. The term has drawn criticisms for its invented roots, in addition to its perceived corruption of the Spanish language./p
pWhile many Latina women work outside the home in their countries of origin, their efforts in the U.S. often yield more economic benefits. The Hispanic paradox refers to the medical research indicating that Latino immigrants enter the United States with better health, on average, than the average American citizen, but lose this health benefit the longer they reside in the United States. It is important to note that this health paradox affects both male and female populations of Latinos. Likewise, immigrant Latina women are found to have a lower infant mortality rate than U.S. born women./p
pParticipants completed audio computer-assisted self-interviews at baseline and follow-up. We developed and assessed AMIGAS (Amigas, Mujeres Latinas, Inform andonos, Gui andonos, y Apoy andonos contra el SIDA ), a culturally congruent HIV prevention intervention for Latina women adapted from SiSTA , an intervention for African American women./p
pThe Garifuna people of Afro-Caribbean descent, who are spread thinly on the northeastern Caribbean coast, have their own distinct varieties of popular and folk music. Cumbia, from the Colombian variety, is also very popular, especially among the lower classes./p
pThus, centering reduces problems associated with multicollinearity among the variables in regression equations (Frazier, Tix, Barron, 2004). All consenting study participants were administered a single, face-to-face interview guided by a structured questionnaire, which included the instruments used in the current study./p
pFor a more precise analysis on the nationality and identity of Mexico, see Mexican nationality law. The Census and Our Flawed Efforts to Classify Americans (Princeton University Press; 2013) argues for dropping the race question from the census. The Census Bureau warns that data on race in 2000 census are not directly comparable to those collected in previous censuses. Many residents of the United States consider race and ethnicity to be the same./p
pThe 3-day training provided a framework for delivering AMIGAS to Latina women at risk for HIV and aimed to enhance the health educators’ HIV-related knowledge and skills for delivery of AMIGAS with fidelity to the intervention curriculum. Trainees observed demonstrations of each AMIGAS activity, participated in group discussions and role-playing activities, and practiced teaching activities to demonstrate their knowledge of the curriculum and to experience delivering the intervention in a group setting. Our results support the efficacy of this linguistically and culturally adapted HIV intervention among ethnically diverse, predominantly foreign-born Latina women. We recruited 252 Latina women aged 18 to 35 years in Miami, Florida, in 2008 to 2009 and randomized them to the 4-session AMIGAS intervention or a 1-session health intervention./p
pThere are few immigrants directly from Spain, since Spaniards have historically emigrated to Latin America rather than English-speaking countries. Because of this, most Hispanics who identify themselves as Spaniard or Spanish also identify with Latin American national origin. In the 2017 Census estimate approximately 1.3 million Americans reported some form of Spanish as their ancestry, whether directly from Spain or not./p
pThe differences in attitudes are due to the diverging goals of Spanish-language and English-language media. The effect of using Spanish-language media serves to promote a sense of group consciousness among Latinos by reinforcing roots in Latin America and the commonalities a href=http://www.gooslander.se/the-dos-and-do-nots-of-puerto-rican-girls/http://www.gooslander.se/the-dos-and-do-nots-of-puerto-rican-girls//a among Latinos of varying national origin. With 40% of Hispanic and Latino Americans being immigrants, and with many of the 60% who are U.S.-born being the children or grandchildren of immigrants, bilingualism is the norm in the community at large./p
pFemale employment offers these women more autonomy, the chance to support themselves without relying on a spouse. Of the Latinas participating in the labor force, 32.2% work in the service sector, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. This percentage is significantly higher than that of white women, who fall at 20%. Conversely, Latinas are underrepresented in various other sectors of the labor force, particularly as business owners./p
h3Puerto Rican Citizenship Reaffirmed/h3
pHispanic Caribbean music tends to favor complex polyrhythms of African origin. Mexican music shows combined influences of mostly European and Native American origin, while traditional Northern Mexican music — norteño and banda — polka, has influence from polka music brought by Central European settlers to Mexico which later influenced western music. The music of Hispanic Americans — such as tejano music — has influences in rock, jazz, RB, pop, and country music as well as traditional Mexican music such as Mariachi./p